![]() An extended gate FET-based biosensor integrated with a Si microfluidic channel for detection of protein complexes. We believe that the dielectric-modulated FET (DMFET) provides a useful approach towards biomolecular detection that could be extended to a number of other systems. This may be an advantage over planar nanogap FETs, which require lithographic processing 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. The vertical gap is fabricated using simple thin-film deposition and wet-etching techniques. ![]() The binding of the streptavidin changes the dielectric constant (and capacitance) of the gate, resulting in a large shift in the threshold voltage for operating the FET. We show here that a FET biosensor with a vertical gap is sensitive to the specific binding of streptavidin to biotin. However, these devices often have limited sensitivity. In a number of proposed FET biosensors, surface interactions with biomolecules in solution affect the operation of the gate or the channel 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. Interest in biosensors based on field-effect transistors (FETs), where an electrically operated gate controls the flow of charge through a semiconducting channel, is driven by the prospect of integrating biodetection capabilities into existing semiconductor technology 1.
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